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彩超与乳腺X线检查(俗称钼靶)对于早期乳腺癌筛查的准确率为90%以上;

HPV与TCT检测结合能发现几乎98%的宫颈癌，

专家表示“两癌”筛查中不论哪种检查方式都不是替代关系，

联合检查可以最大程度降低漏诊率。

中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院肿瘤研究所流行病学研究室乔友林教授

钼靶+彩超

我国抗癌协会指南，建议40岁以上女性乳腺癌筛查以钼靶检查为主，对于致密型乳腺结合超声进行辅助。

目前的钼靶技术已经发展到3D水准，李永忠主任说大量研究表明，

3D可以将浸润性乳腺癌探查率提升41%，能发现更细微以及位置上不好辨别的微小病灶。

至于大家关心的辐射量，李主任还举个形象的例子，

剂量只相当于大家飞美国两趟接受的自然辐射，不会对人体造成伤害。

北京协和医院妇产科谭先杰教授

HPV+TCT

相比其他癌症，宫颈癌是人类所有癌症中唯一病因明确且能通过早筛、早治而消除的癌症，

即感染乳头瘤病毒(HPV)，这意味着针对病因可以早期防治。

中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院肿瘤研究所流行病学研究室乔友林教授表示，

目前国际公认最安全的宫颈癌筛查采取细胞学检测(TCT)与人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)病毒学检测联合筛查的方式。

对于大家争议比较多的到底是TCT好，还是HPV好，北京协和医院妇产科谭先杰教授介绍说，

在美国指南中还是将两者联合筛查作为精准筛查或者二级防控宫颈癌的最好方式。

对于筛查时间，谭先杰教授给自己病人的建议是如果经济上可以负担，

最好每年做一次筛查;如果感觉价格偏贵，至少两年一次。

因为从宫颈癌的癌前病变发展到癌症一般需要9-12年，

但如果在一期宫颈癌的五年存活率约为80%，二期约为60%，三期约为40%，到四期约为20%，

也就是说越早越发现，治愈的成功率越高，这也是提倡精准筛查的意义。

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小毛病 发表于 2021-11-19 19:39
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