我国每10个人，就有一位慢性肾病患者

本帖最后由 wudang 于 2021-4-1 14:15 编辑

根据《中国肾脏病年度报告2019》发布的调查结果，中国成人慢性肾病的患病率为10.8%，全国患者人数大约为1.2亿。

是继肿瘤、心血管、糖尿病之后患病率排第四位的疾病。

但是和其他疾病不同的是，慢性肾病起病隐匿，症状缓慢发展，不容易注意到，
一般肾脏受损超过50%的时候，才会影响到人体的正常生理功能。

因此知晓率很低，以糖尿病为例，知晓率为36.5%，而慢性肾脏病的知晓率仅为12.5%。

等到患者出现水肿、血压升高、贫血、胃口不好等不适再去医院检查时，往往病情已经很严重了，阻止病情继续进展的难度也很大。

那么如何才能更早期发现自己的肾脏出问题了呢？很多人会想到的是肾功能检查。

我们肾脏的功能有排毒、维持水电解质平衡，以及调节内分泌等，验血时的肌酐、血尿酸、尿素氮等指标可以反映我们的肾功能。

一般来说，肾小球滤过率受损超过50%，肌酐指标才会出现异常。

但是肾脏结构发生了改变，更早会体现在尿液成分的变化上，比如说蛋白尿、血尿、低比重尿、糖尿、氨基酸尿等，而这些异常可以在尿常规检查中被发现。

因此尿检早期发现肾脏疾病简单易行，不可替代。

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